How To Upload Sftp One Command
Apr 28, 2022
Edward S.
6min Read
How to Use SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol)
FTP is the standard method of transferring files or other data between computers, but information technology's becoming more and more outdated in today'south security-witting environment. Fortunately, that's where SFTP comes in, which is particularly useful for VPS hosting users.
In this guide, we're going to show how to use SFTP for secure file transfer, talk nigh some other useful commands and elaborate more than on how it works.
Download Ultimate SSH Commands Cheat Canvas
How to Connect Using SFTP?
SFTP is a subsystem of SSH. Hence, it supports all SSH authentication methods. While it's easier to set and utilize password authentication, it's much more than convenient and safer to create SSH keys for a passwordless SFTP login.
You can check this tutorial on how to set up your SSH keys. One time you're fix, follow the steps below to connect with SFTP:
- Bank check your SSH access using 1 of these commands:
ssh user@server_ipaddress ssh user@remotehost_domainname
- One time that is done, get out the session if no errors occurred.
- Initiate an SFTP connection with the following commands:
sftp user@server_ipaddress sftp user@remotehost_domainname
- If yous're using a custom SSH port, use one of these commands to change the SFTP port:
sftp -oPort=customport user@server_ipaddress sftp -oPort=customport user@remotehost_domainname
- Here'due south how it should wait like:
sftp -oPort=49166 user@31.220.57.32
Once y'all're connected, you lot will see an SFTP prompt.
How to Transfer Files Using SFTP?
Hither nosotros're going to show y'all how to transfer remote files to the local system using SFTP and vice versa.
Pro Tip
Yous can also transfer your files using SFTP clients, such every bit WinSCP or FileZilla. If yous're interested in the latter, bank check our tutorial hither.
Transferring Remote Files From a Server to the Local Organization
To start, permit'due south cheque which local and which remote working directory we are using. To do this, we'll use these SFTP commands:
sftp> lpwd Local directory: /LocalDirectory sftp> pwd Remote directory: /RemoteDirectory
Now, let's come across how to transfer a file from a remote server to your local auto using the get command. Here's the basic syntax of the become control:
get /RemoteDirectory/filename.txt
For example, to re-create the file /etc/xinetd.conf from the remote server to your local machine, y'all would use:
get /etc/xinetd.conf
In one case the download is consummate, you can now find that the file xinetd.conf is in the /user/home directory of your local automobile.
To download multiple files with SFTP, use the mget command. To download all files in a directory chosen /etc that have the .conf extension to your current working directory, y'all will use the post-obit command:
mget /etc/*.conf
Afterwards the download, yous can find all *.conf files in /user/home directory of your local auto.
Transferring Files From the Local Automobile to a Remote Server
To copy a file from the local machine to the remote server, we'll employ the become command again. In this example, the syntax of get control will be:
get file.txt /RemoteDirectory
To motility the file case.txt from a local car to the remote automobile, enter the following command:
put /domicile/user-name/example.txt /root
At present we will find the file in the remote server's root directory. You can too try transferring multiple files using themput command. It works nearly the aforementioned as mget:
mput /home/user-proper name/*.txt /root
This command would movement all files with the .txt extension in the /home/user-name from the local car to the remote /root directory.
Pro Tip
Keep in mind that to download and upload the files with SFTP, you will need to blazon the control put or get and press the TAB central.
Commands for Navigating With SFTP
Some commands can be used to navigate through the remote and local servers more efficiently with SFTP. They're similar to the ones y'all'd use in the Linux shell prompt.
For example, the pwd control is ever useful to let yous know in which working directory you lot are currently on.
sftp> pwd Remote directory: /RemoteDirectory
or
sftp> lpwd Local directory: /LocalDirectory
You can also display the listing of files and directories yous're using for the remote directory:
ls
Similarly, for the local working directory:
lls
For instance, the output will expect like to this:
Pictures Templates Media Text.txt Documents
To switch from one remote working directory to another local working directory, enter the following commands:
cd name_of_directory lcd name_of_directory
Finally, use the ! and exit commands to go back to the local shell and quit SFTP.
Basics of File Maintenance Using SFTP
With SFTP, you can also manage directories and files using specific commands.
To check the remote server'due south deejay space in gigabytes, use the df role similar and then:
df -h
Here'southward an output example:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/ploop29212p1 59G 2.5G 56G 5% / none ane.5G 0 1.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup none one.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.5G 0 one.5G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.5G 568K 1.5G one% /run tmpfs 308M 0 308M 0% /run/user/0
Use the mkdir control to create a new directory on either the remote and local server :
mkdir name_of_directory lmkdir name_of_directory
You can delete one from the remote server using the rmdir command:
rmdir name_of_directory
Meanwhile, renaming a remote file is also rather straightforward:
rename filename new_filename
Hither'south an example:
rename Old_FileExample New_FileExample
If you want to remove a remote file, utilize the rm command:
rm filename
While the chown command is used to replace a file's owner:
chown userid filename
userid can either be a username or a numeric user ID. For case:
chown UserOne FileExample chown 1234 FileExample
chgrp is used for changing a file's group possessor:
chgrp groupid filename
For case:
chgrp NewGroup FileExample
Finally, you will need to utilise the chmod interactive command to change a file'southward permission:
chmod 764 FileExample
In this example, the 3-digit value stands for the file'southward user, grouping, and other users.
As for the permissions to read (r), write (w), and execute (x), their values are 4, 2, 1, respectively. 0 can too be used to provide no permissions.
To assign permissions, simply calculate the total values for each user class. Here's a breakdown of the case:
chmod ugo FileExample # u represents the User who'll exist able to read, write and execute the file. # g is for Groups, here we've given the permission to write and execute the file. # o or Others will merely be able to read the file.
List of Useful SFTP Commands
If yous need a quick cheat sheet, here'due south a list of all the available SFTP commands. You can find this listing yourself by but entering the aid or ? command — both will prompt the same result.
bye Quit sftp cd path Change remote directory to 'path' chgrp [-h] grp path Change group of file 'path' to 'grp' chmod [-h] manner path Change permissions of file 'path' to 'mode' chown [-h] ain path Change owner of file 'path' to 'own' df [-hi] [path] Display statistics for current directory or filesystem containing 'path' exit Quit sftp get [-afpR] remote [local] Download file help Display this help text lcd path Change local directory to 'path' lls [ls-options [path]] Brandish local directory listing lmkdir path Create local directory ln [-due south] oldpath newpath Link remote file (-s for symlink) lpwd Print local working directory ls [-1afhlnrSt] [path] Brandish remote directory listing lumask umask Set local umask to 'umask' mkdir path Create remote directory progress Toggle display of progress meter put [-afpR] local [remote] Upload file pwd Display remote working directory quit Quit sftp reget [-fpR] remote [local] Resume download file rename oldpath newpath Rename remote file reput [-fpR] local [remote] Resume upload file rm path Delete remote file rmdir path Remove remote directory symlink oldpath newpath Symlink remote file version Show SFTP version !control Execute 'command' in local vanquish ! Escape to local shell
What is SFTP?
SFTP, or SSH File Transfer Protocol for brusque, is a much more secure way to motility files. Using the SSH protocol, it supports encryption and other security methods used to better protect file transfers. It'south the merely secure file transfer protocol that protects against attacks at any bespeak in the data transfer process, making it the preferred protocol.
During file transfer, all of the data is divided into packets and sent through a unmarried secure connectedness.
Sensitive information volition be encrypted and made unreadable when beingness transferred between the customer and the server. In other words, the original content (plaintext) will be replaced by an breathless string of characters (ciphertext).
Only the recipient with the required decryption key will be able to see the original content. This prevents any unauthorized access during file transfer.
Regular file transfer protocol (FTP) has two different channels to exchange information — the command channel and the data channel. In contrast, SFTP has only i encrypted channel where the data is exchanged in encrypted, formatted packets.
Conclusion
That pretty much covers the basics of how to apply SFTP for secure file transfer. We hope this tutorial has proved to be useful. However, if you demand more information on FTP alone, you lot can notice more tutorials here.
If you accept any more questions, don't hesitate to get out a annotate downwards below.
Edward is a Content Editor with years of experience in IT as a writer, marketer, and Linux enthusiast. Edward's goal is to encourage readers to establish an impactful online presence. He also really loves dogs, guitars, and everything related to space.
Source: https://www.hostinger.com/tutorials/how-to-use-sftp-to-safely-transfer-files/
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